After Factory Layoffs, Struggling To Stay On The Economic Ladder
Lynn Eldredge has worked hard for the past three decades. But somehow, it's still not quite enough.
Eldredge started his working life in the Air Force, and eventually found a steady job in a factory in Kansas. But then, in 2000, he was laid off — and has had six different jobs since then.
Over the past several decades in the U.S., wages have stayed flat or even gone down, while the cost of living has gone up. Economists say that's because jobs went overseas, technology replaced human labor and labor unions have seen their influence decline.
Those changes have made it harder for men working blue-collar jobs, like Eldredge, to get ahead. Once the breadwinners, now many are working harder and making less — if they are working at all.
'I Need A Job — Today'
Eldredge, 50, was married in 1985, the same year he joined the Air Force. After five years of active duty, he planned — like many people do — to get a job and start moving up the ladder.
"And then I went to job service here in Wichita. And they said, 'Oh, come back Tuesday. ... We have a special program for veterans,' " Eldredge recalls. "And I said, 'No I need a job — today.' "
It was 1991. Eldredge, who had only a high school diploma, eventually found a job at factory making small tractors known as skid-steer loaders for a company called Case.
He still remembers his starting pay: $12.01. That's $21 an hour in today's dollars, plus overtime.
When he got the job at Case, Eldredge had two kids and a small two-bedroom house in a humble middle-class neighborhood. He had a good life and says he loved putting on steel toe boots and safety glasses every day and going to work.
"You had the raw steel coming in one door, and brand new machines going out the door next to it, ready to ship around the world," he says.
Eldredge says it was satisfying to make something and come home covered in grease and sweat every night. But it was also about being with the guys. On the night shifts, they'd take their 30-minute lunch breaks in the parking lot. One friend would bring a telescope and they would look at the stars.
An End To Steady Progress
Eldredge eventually got promoted, worked days and made a salary. He had two more kids and moved to a bigger house in a better part of Wichita.
Then a relative died suddenly and Eldredge went out of state for the funeral. We he got back to town, his manager called him into his office — where he was a handed a severance package.
The manager said Case was being bought by a company called New Holland Construction. Companywide, Eldredge and hundreds of other people were laid off.
"I remember driving home with tears in my eyes," he says. "It's making me sad right now."
After being laid off, Eldredge moved to Cedar City, Utah. He's had six different jobs since and, as a result, hasn't been moving up the career ladder.
First he got a job at a company selling the same skid-steer loaders he had made in the Case factory. That job lasted 10 months. Then he worked for a cellphone company, a soy milk plant and a nail file factory. Now he manages facilities at five fast-food restaurants in southern Utah.
A Future With Less
On a recent day, while changing an air conditioner filter at one of the restaurants, Eldredge said he still likes his work. He likes coming home and telling his wife about a problem he solved.
He makes about $50,000 a year — but that's the same amount of money, in real dollars, that he was making when he was laid off 14 years ago. At 50 years old, he has no benefits and no retirement.
His wife went back to school for a degree and now teaches elementary school; she recently started a retirement plan. Two of their kids are going to college next year, but Eldredge and his wife can't help with tuition.
He says it's sad sometimes when he realizes he's not the provider he once was.
"It's hard when the end of the month comes and you have to say, 'Sorry we can't go out to dinner. We need to just get through this weekend, and we'll be all right,' " he says. "Things are tight."
In some ways, Eldredge's life is like a checklist of what's happening to many American men who don't work highly paid, white-collar jobs. Their wages have stayed the same or slipped, benefits have disappeared, debts have grown, stay-at-home moms have started to work and their kids have begun accumulating their own debts.
But Eldredge and his wife are happy. They love each other, they love their kids and they have a nice place to live. The future's not totally certain, he says, but he still has big plans, like one day working for a charity and helping people.
The only real thing that's changed when he thinks about the future, he says, is that it's a future with less than he imagined.
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Transcript
MELISSA BLOCK, HOST:
So as we just heard, for men working blue-collar jobs, it's become harder to get ahead. On average, they make less money and have far less job security than previous generations. We have a story now about one of those men. For the last three decades, he has worked hard, but somehow it hasn't been enough, as NPR's Kelly McEvers reports.
KELLY MCEVERS, BYLINE: His name is Lynn - Lynn Eldredge. And in 1985, he got married and joined the Air Force. After five years of active duty, the plan was the same as it was for a lot of men - get a job and slowly move up the ladder.
LYNN ELDREDGE: And then I went to job service here in Wichita. And they said, oh, come back Tuesday or a certain day, and we'll - we have a special program for veterans. And I said, no, I need a job today.
MCEVERS: It was 1991, and for high school graduate like Lynn, the job was at a factory, making small tractors called skid-steer loaders for a company called Case.
Do you remember what the starting pay was?
ELDREDGE: Twelve dollars and one cent.
MCEVERS: That's $21 an hour in today's money, plus overtime.
ELDREDGE: This is our old house right here, where these people are.
MCEVERS: Oh, yeah.
We're driving around Wichita, checking out Lynn's old life. When he got the job at Case, he had two kids and a small two-bedroom house in a humble middle-class neighborhood.
ELDREDGE: I wish my house payment was still $400 a month. (Laughing).
MCEVERS: We head to the outskirts of Wichita, to the factory where Lynn used to work.
ELDREDGE: I haven't driven this way to work in 15 years. Let's see how well I do.
MCEVERS: We park the car, and Lynn tells me how he loved putting on steel-toed boots and safety glasses every day and going to work.
ELDREDGE: You had the raw steel coming in one door and brand-new machines going out the door next to it, ready to ship around the world.
MCEVERS: Lynn says, it was satisfying to make something, to come home covered in grease and sweat. But it was also about being with the guys.
ELDREDGE: Working at night, we'd have lunch - a half-hour lunch - and we'd go out in the parking lot. My friend would bring his telescope, and we'd look at stars at night for a half-hour.
MCEVERS: Lynn eventually got promoted, worked days, made a salary. He had two more kids, moved to a bigger house in a better part of Wichita. Then a relative died suddenly, and Lynn went out-of-state for the funeral.
ELDREDGE: And when we got back, my manager called me into his office - I think he waited a couple of days, but I was still pretty emotional - and got the paperwork. And it was a generous severance package.
MCEVERS: The manager said, Case was being bought by a company called New Holland Construction. Lynn and hundreds of other people were laid off company-wide.
ELDREDGE: I remember driving home with tears in my eyes. It's making me sad right now.
MCEVERS: Now it's time to leave Wichita and go to Cedar City, Utah. Since he got laid off, Lynn has had six different jobs, and let's just say he has not necessarily been moving up that ladder. First, he got a job at a company selling the same skid-steer loaders he made in the Case factory. That job lasted 10 months. Then he worked for a cell phone company, a soymilk plant, a nail file factory and now he manages facilities at five fast food restaurants in southern Utah.
(SOUNDBITE OF ARCHIVED RECORDING)
UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: All right. Now I can go?
MCEVERS: We're inside one of the fast food joints, climbing a ladder to the roof so Lynn can change the filters on the air conditioner.
ELDREDGE: Most AC problems have nothing to do with the Freon or the coolant. It's taking good care of it.
MCEVERS: Lynn says, he still likes his work. He likes coming home and telling his wife about a problem he solved. Thing is - he makes about $50,000 a year - the same amount of money in real dollars he was making when he got laid off 14 years ago. At 50 years old, he has no benefits and no retirement. His wife went back for a degree and now teaches elementary school. She recently started a retirement plan. Two of the kids are going to college next year. Lynn and his wife can't help with tuition. Back inside, Lynn says, it's sad sometimes when he realizes he's not the provider he was before.
ELDREDGE: It's hard when the end of the month comes and you have to say, sorry, we can't go out to dinner. We need to just get through this weekend, and we'll be all right. I mean, things are tight.
MCEVERS: In some ways, Lynn's life is like a checklist of what's happening to most American men who are not working high-paid white-collar jobs. Wages stayed the same or got a little worse - check. Benefits disappeared - check. Debt went up - check. Wife head to start working - check. Kids have their own debt now - check.
MCEVERS: Here's the thing, though. Lynn and his wife are happy. They love each other. They love their kids. They have a nice place to live. The future's not totally certain, but Lynn still has big plans, like one day working for charity and helping people. The only real thing that's changed when he thinks about the future, Lynn says, is that it's a future with less then he imagined. Kelly McEvers, NPR News. Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.
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