WWII 'Canteen Girl' Kept Troops Company From Afar
American service members have long spent holidays in dangerous places, far from family. These days, home is a video chat or Skype call away. But during World War II, packages, letters and radio programs bridged the lonely gaps. For 15 minutes every week, "Canteen Girl" Phyllis Jeanne Creore spoke and sang to the troops and their loved ones on NBC radio.
Her Christmas shows were morale boosters. America must "use more sentiment and less tinsel, and that's the way it should be," she told her listeners during one wartime Christmas broadcast. Now 96, Phyllis Jeanne Creore Westerman sits in her apartment on New York's Fifth Avenue, remembering those seasonal broadcasts she recorded 70 years ago.
"It was just more poignant because the boys didn't want to go away on Christmas," she says — with traces of that perfect 1940s radio diction.
So she did what she could to lift her listeners' spirits. She'd been a volunteer at the New York City Stage Door Canteen; founded by the American Theatre Wing, it was the precursor of today's USO. Stage Door Canteens sprouted up across the country during World War II — places where troops (in New York sometimes 2,000 a night, in shifts!) could drop in for a few hours.
The goal, she says, was to provide entertainment, food and comfort to the young troops. "They were all homesick," she says. "Some of them were 17 years old," they were about to deploy, and "they couldn't mention when the ship left or what the name of it was."
Famous film and theater actors showed up to help. The 1943 film Stage Door Canteen featured Katharine Hepburn, Helen Hayes, Ray Bolger and many others.
At the real New York Stage Door Canteen, young wannabe stars like Creore were regulars. As volunteers, they came to dance and chat. "But it was the stars who did the hard work," she says. "They were cooking, hamburgers and hot dogs, served it at the tables, washed all the dishes. They had big bands that volunteered that we danced to — we weren't supposed to make dates with 'em, but I don't think everybody complied."
Creore came to the big city in the 1930s from Rochester, N.Y., hoping, like so many young and talented people, to find work as an entertainer. She headed for The Rehearsal Club — a boarding house founded in 1913 — that provided affordable rooms for young, single women with big dreams.
"And that's where I lived," she says. "Forty-odd young ladies from all over the country who wanted to be an actress [or] singer — a lot of Rockettes."
Blond, blue-eyed, with carefully polished nails, pretty Phyllis Jeanne settled right in. "I lived there when the war started," she recalls. "I heard in my little room Roosevelt come on the radio and say war was declared, and from then on, it was chaotic."
In wartime New York, Creore handed her food ration books over to the Rehearsal Club cook, so there would be enough sugar and butter for all the girls. She did a bit of radio work, found singing jobs with various bands at hotels like the Biltmore, and volunteered at the Stage Door Canteen. That's where she got the idea for a regular radio show — to reach more troops — across the U.S., and in Europe by short wave.
"I took the idea to NBC and they OK'd it," she says. "And I got a pianist, and eventually they gave me a writer." The program began in 1942.
She took requests and dedicated the lilting, lovely songs of the day to soldiers. Mail poured in to Canteen Girl from all over the country. She keeps some in a big leather scrapbook in her apartment. They were corporals in Missouri, a sailor in New York, all thanking her for cheering them up. (You can see some of those letters at the bottom of this page.) Today, the treasured handwritten wartime letters are fraying around the edges, but Phyllis Jeanne Creore Westerman's memories are keen.
At age 96 — no eyeglasses, no hearing aids — she's gotten rediscovered. A short film about her is part of the New York Historical Society's current exhibition on the city during World War II. NPR came calling. And a few weeks ago, at her apartment's holiday party, as the building's oldest resident, Westerman was offered a throne on which to sit — in honor of her newfound celebrity from the old radio days.
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Transcript
DAVID GREENE, HOST:
American service men and women have often spent holidays far from home in dangerous places, where conflict can erupt around any corner. These days, home is a Skype call away, or at least a glimpse of home. But during Second World War, packages, letters, and radio programs bridged the lonely gaps.
In New York, NPR special correspondent Susan Stamberg met a woman behind some of the broadcasts from those wartime days.
(SOUNDBITE OF A "CANTEEN GIRL" BROADCAST)
PHYLLIS JEANNE CREORE: We keep the door open wide here, so push in, whether you're a member of the Armed Forces or just happen to like one.
SUSAN STAMBERG, BYLINE: For 15 minutes every week on NBC Radio, Phyllis Jeanne Creore spoke and sang to the troops and their loved ones.
(SOUNDBITE OF A SONG)
CREORE: (Singing) And hopes of happiness will all come true. This is my wish...
STAMBERG: Her Christmas shows were morale boosters.
(SOUNDBITE OF A "CANTEEN GIRL" BROADCAST)
CREORE: Contrary to word that's going around, this Christmas may be the best we've known for many, many years. Why? Well, I think because we got to use a lot more sentiment and a lot less tinsel. And that's the way it should be.
STAMBERG: Remembering those seasonal shows now, in her apartment on New York's Fifth Avenue, 96-year-old Phyllis Jeanne Creore Westerman still has traces of that perfect 1940s radio diction.
CREORE: And also, it was just more poignant because the boys didn't want to go away on Christmas.
STAMBERG: Phyllis Jeanne did what she could to lift her listeners' spirits. She'd been a volunteer at the New York City Stage Door Canteen. Founded by the American Theatre Wing, it was the precursor of today's USO. Stage Door Canteens sprouted up across the country in World War II, places where troops in New York - sometimes 2,000 a night, in shifts - could drop in for a few hours.
CREORE: They had a place for young men - it was mostly men there - have entertainment and food and comfort. And before some of them were 17 years old, got on a ship that they couldn't mention when the ship left or what the name of it was. And they were all homesick.
(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)
STAMBERG: Famous film and theater actors showed up to help. The 1943 film "Stage Door Canteen" featured some of them: Katharine Hepburn, Helen Hayes...
(SOUNDBITE OF MOVIE, "STAGE DOOR CANTEEN")
HELEN HAYES: (as Herself) First time in the canteen, boys? Would you like to dance?
UNIDENTIFIED MAN #1: Yes, Ma'am. And I want a blonde, five-feet-three inches tall.
UNIDENTIFIED MAN #2: I'd like a brunette, five-feet-two.
HAYES: (As Herself) Virginia.
UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN: (as Virginia) Yes.
STAMBERG: At the real New York Stage Door Canteen, young wannabe stars, like Phyllis Jeanne Creore, were regulars. As volunteers, they came to dance and chat.
CREORE: But it was the stars who did the hard work. They were cooking the hamburgers and the hot dogs, served it at the tables, washed all the dishes. They had big bands that volunteered for us to dance to. We weren't supposed to make dates with them but I don't think everybody complied.
STAMBERG: Did you?
CREORE: Pretty much.
(LAUGHTER)
STAMBERG: She'd come to the big city in the 1930s from Rochester, New York, hoping, like so many young and talented people, to find work as an entertainer. Phyllis Jeanne headed for The Rehearsal Club, a boarding house founded a hundred years ago. It had affordable rooms for young, single women with big dreams.
CREORE: And that's where I lived. Forty-odd young ladies from all over the country who wanted to be an actress or singer. A lot of Rockettes.
STAMBERG: Blond, blue-eyed, with carefully polished nails, pretty Phyllis Jeanne settled right in.
CREORE: And I lived there when the war started. I heard in my little room...
PRESIDENT FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT: A date which will live in infamy.
CREORE: Roosevelt come on the radio and say war was declared.
ROOSEVELT: I ask that the Congress declare...
STAMBERG: In wartime New York, Phyllis Jeanne handed her food ration books over to the Rehearsal Club cook, so there'd be enough sugar and butter for all the girls. She did a bit of radio work, found singing jobs with various bands at hotels like the Biltmore, and volunteered at the Stage Door Canteen. That's where she got the idea for a regular radio show to reach more troops across the U.S. and in Europe by shortwave.
CREORE: I took the idea to NBC and they OK'd it. And I got a pianist and eventually they gave me a writer.
(SOUNDBITE OF A "CANTEEN GIRL" BROADCAST)
UNIDENTIFIED MAN #3: Here is your Canteen Girl, Phyllis Jeanne.
CREORE: (Singing) I wish you luck in everything you do...
STAMBERG: She took requests and dedicated the lilting, lovely songs of the day to soldiers.
(SOUNDBITE OF SONG, "MOONLIGHT BECOMES YOU")
CREORE: (Singing) Moonlight becomes you. It goes with your hair...
STAMBERG: Mail poured in to "Canteen Girl" from all over the country. She keeps some letters in a big leather scrapbook in her apartment.
CREORE: (Reading) Dear Miss Phyllis Jeanne, you mentioned in your letter that it gives you a particular joy to learn who your listeners are. Well...
STAMBERG: They were corporals in Missouri, a sailor in New York, so many thanking her for cheering them up. The treasured handwritten wartime letters are fraying around the edges, but Phyllis Jeanne's memories are keen, especially of the words and music she wrote which became her radio theme song.
CREORE: (Singing) I wish you luck in everything you and all your cares will disappear from you. And hopes of happiness will all come true. This is my wish...
(SOUNDBITE OF A "CANTEEN GIRL" BROADCAST)
CREORE: (Singing) I wish tonight wherever you may be...
STAMBERG: At age 96 no eyeglasses, no hearing aids, she's gotten rediscovered. A short film about her is part of the New York Historical Society's current exhibition, on the city during World War II. NPR came calling, and a few weeks ago at her apartment's holiday party, as the building's oldest resident, Phyllis Jeanne Creore Westerman was offered a throne on which to sit, in honor of her newfound celebrity from the old radio days.
(SOUNDBITE OF A "CANTEEN GIRL" BROADCAST)
CREORE: Be sure to drop in at the Canteen next Friday at the same time, won't you? Just set your dial right where it is now and wait for the announcer to say...
UNIDENTIFIED MAN #3: Here is your Canteen Girl, Phyllis Jeanne.
CREORE: Good luck and good night.
STAMBERG: I'm Susan Stamberg, NPR News.
(SOUNDBITE OF A "CANTEEN GIRL" BROADCAST)
UNIDENTIFIED MAN #3: "Canteen Girl" came to you from New York.
GREENE: And you can read some of the letters sent to the "Canteen Girl" at NPR.org.
This is MORNING EDITION from NPR News. Steve Inskeep is back in the studio with me tomorrow. I'm David Greene.
(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC) Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.
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