The bill, which still needs to be approved by the Senate, would appoint a seven-person board that could restructure the territory's debts. Puerto Rico owes more than $70 billion.
The measure delays payments on Puerto Rico's debt load, which is now more than $70 billion, until January 2017. Creditors say the measure violates prior agreements and the island's constitution.
Negotiations to restructure the U.S. territory's significant debt hit a speed bump Friday. As Congress considers its next step, economist Rosario Rivera explains the origins of the financial crisis.
Struggling under a $72 billion debt, the territory asked for a legal change allowing it to file for some form of bankruptcy. But lawmakers have left that language out of their tax-and-spending deal.